Merger, Acquisition, and International Strategies Essay

* For the organization that has procured another organization, converged with another organization, or been gained by another organization, assess the system that prompted the merger or obtaining to decide if this merger or securing was a savvy decision. Legitimize your conclusion. Coca-Cola Company history started in 1886 when the â€Å"curiosity of an Atlanta drug specialist, Dr. John S. Pemberton, drove him to make an unmistakable tasting soda pop that could be sold at soft drink fountains† (Coca Cola History, 2013, para. 1). He produced enhanced syrup, took it to his local drug store, â€Å"where it was blended in with carbonated water and esteemed â€Å"excellent† by the individuals who examined it† (Coca Cola History, 2013, para. 1). Dr. Pemberton’s accomplice and clerk, Frank M. Robinson, is credited with â€Å"naming the refreshment â€Å"CocaCola† just as planning the trademarked, particular content, despite everything utilized today† (Coca Cola History, 2013, para. 1). The Coca-Cola Company isn't only a normal drink organization. The Company possesses/licenses and markets more than 500 nonalcoholic refreshment items, for the most part shimmering refreshments yet in addition a combination of still drinks, for example; â€Å"waters, helped waters (for instance, Oasis, Powerade and Vitamin Water), juices and juice drinks (for instance, Minute Maid and Five Alive), prepared to-drink teas and espressos, vitality and sports drinks† (Coca Cola History, 2013, para. 5). Coca Cola most mainstream nonalcoholic shining refreshment brands are Coca-Cola, Diet Coke, Sprite, Fanta, Dr. Pepper and Schweppes which they showcase around the world. Coca Cola Company has a market capitalization of â€Å"$177.48 billion and is the biggest organization in the Food and Beverage sector† (Coca Cola Company, 2013, para.1). Regardless of whether you’re out shopping, working in the workplace or the exercise center, ZICO Pure Premium Coconut Water conveys th e common recharging you require to restore. As of November, 2013 â€Å"Coca-Cola Company and ZICO Beverages LLC declared that Coca Cola has gained the extraordinary possession stake in ZICO† (Coca Cola Acquires, 2013, para. 1). The merger will open greater â€Å"capability for ZICO including showcasing, selling,â manufacturing, advancement and conveyance opportunities† (Coca Cola Acquires, 2013, para. 1). Not exclusively will this merger advantage ZICO, yet the Coca Cola Company will increase a top situation in one of the quickest rising refreshment classifications on the planet. This last move finishes up the relationship that started in 2009 when Coca-Cola’s Venturing and Emerging Brands (VEB) specialty unit previously put resources into ZICO. In 2012, the Coca Cola Company gained a mass stake in the brand. Furthermore, not long ago, ZICO took its home on the special red Coca-Cola trucks to be flowed all through the U.S. also, Canada. At the point when Coca Cola at first put resources into ZICO, they did so in light of the fact that they considered it to be a â€Å"burgeoning premium brand with the possibility to be critical pioneer in a high development category† (Coca Cola Acquires , 2013, para. 4). In the course of the last multi year, Coca Cola has watched the coconut water industry skewer income stunningly and gain family unit entrance. ZICO itself set its place as one of the essential brands in the coconut water industry. With this obtaining, Coca Cola intends to modernize all attributes of the purchaser encounter and strengthen both rate and conveyance to put ZICO at the top and proceed significantly more development inside the organization. * For the partnership that has not been associated with any mergers or acquisitions, recognize one (1) organization that would be a beneficial possibility for the enterprise to procure or merger with and clarify why this organization would be a productive objective. Shopping for food is more troublesome and complex than any time in recent memory. Today’s clients are more wellbeing careful than clients of the past. Clients are increasingly inclined to purchase strength nourishments over the old-style nourishments their folks purchased. Clients the nation over approach everything from odd items to restrictive conveyance administrations. Claim to fame supermarkets have dev eloped in allure to clients, however the primary issue is that frequently strength stores have confined areas which thusly restrains their compass to clients. Entire Food’s Market and Trader Joe’s are two claim to fame supermarkets who have expanded areas to the hundreds while holding fast to an unanticipated market representing once in the past untargeted showcase portion. Dealer Joe’s works more than 340 stores in 9 states were they â€Å"buy direct from providers at whatever point conceivable, deal hard to get the best costs and afterward give the reserve funds to the customer† (Trader Joe’s, 2013, para. 4). Entire Food’s Market is the â€Å"world’s pioneer in characteristic and natural nourishments, with in excess of 360 stores in North America and the United Kingdom† (Whole Food, 2013, para 2). Broker Joe’s and Whole Food’s Market have figured out how to take unique thoughts and spread them all through the country to a wide range of clients. In spite of the fact that they vary not just in the method in which they choose to carry items to their clients yet in addit ion in term of stock administration and flexibly chain association. These two organizations have gotten so fruitful as I would like to think, not by what they vary in yet what they share most practically speaking, which is their pledge to their faithful clients, workers and verifiable quality in their items they sell. Through their dependability to their clients and representatives notwithstanding their fundamental worth extent, the two organizations have viably prevailing to upswing the basic food item industry and have constrained obsolete supermarkets and its clients to reevaluate their portrayals of what establishments a positive client experience. The merger of Trader Joe’s and Whole Food’s Market would be worthwhile to the two organizations since Whole Food’s Market is presently universal, they can permit Trader Joe’s access to a worldwide market. While Trader Joe’s offers fantastic quality, however has a poor grouping of items, Whole Food’s Market will help offer both an extraordinary arrangement just as greatness of items. * For the company that works globally, quickly assess its worldwide business-level system and universal corporate-level methodology and make proposals for development. Most clients have high expectations when purchasing a decent or an assistance. When in doubt, it appears that most clients need to follow through on an ease for items with rather profoundly recognized highlights. On account of these customers’ desires, various firms, similar to Coca Cola, â€Å"actively take part in essential worth chain exercises and bolster works that permit a firm to all the while tote ease and differentiation† (Hitt, 2013, pg. 120), which is additionally called coordinated cost administration/separation procedure. The explanation Coca Cola utilizes this system is to productively make their items with some separated highlights. Effective creation is the â€Å"source of keep up low costs entire separation is the wellspring of making one of a kind value† (Hitt, 2013, pg. 120). Coca Cola has effectively coordinated cost administration/separation methodology which has permitted them to adjust rapidly to today’s new advances and to the fast changes in today’s society/societies around the world. A definitive objectives of Coca-Cola’s business system is to â€Å"rise volume, build up a lot of world-wideâ non-alcoholic prepared to-drink refreshment deals, amplify the drawn out incomes and make monetary worth included by improving financial profit† (Coca Cola Acquires, 2013, para 8). Corporate-level methodology â€Å"specifies moves a firm makes to increase an upper hand by choosing and dealing with a gathering of various organizations contending in various item markets† (Hitt, 2013, pg. 164). Coca Cola Company has for quite some time been focused on the item improvement methodology in which case they do all that they can to turn into the best in their industry. They have moved into various geographic market such a Japan, United Kingdom, ect., Coca Cola have gained contenders, for example, ZICO as talked about above, and furthermore they have purchased bottle providers to help develop the organization considerably more. With these moves that Coca Cola have made throughout the years, this has permitted them to enter existing markets with new items because of their high image mindfulness. You can’t go barely anyplace nowadays without seeing a Coca Cola result or something to that affect being promoted or sold. This technique underwrites Coca Cola’s good trademark notoriety, â€Å"Open Happiness.† Coca Cola has created extraordinary business and corporate level methodologies yet there is consistently opportunity to get better. We are living in an online life world and I would propose that Coca Cola exploit this new universe of speaking with their clients. Such a large number of individuals convey through online life and find new items through internet based life that built up a promoting procedure advancing web based life will at last be a success win technique for any organization. * For the enterprise that doesn't work globally, propose one business-level system and one corporate-level methodology and make suggestions for development. A differential technique is a â€Å"integrated set of activities taken to create merchandise or administrations (at an adequate cost) that clients see as being diverse in a manner that is imperative to them† (Hitt, 2013, pg. 115). I would recommend this differential procedure to Trader Joe’s in light of the fact that they right now are offering one of a kind quality, private marks and exceptional valuing that other conventional supermarkets are not offer. To have accomplishment with the separation system, Trade Joe’s should reliably upgra

English project Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

English undertaking - Assignment Example I have in the process gained significant ground and assembled durable associations with individuals around me in my calling. I trust I have the correct accreditations in having experience, introduction, hands on ability and specialized information to attempt the job of a System Analyst your association I have likewise had collaborations with driving researchers and scientists in the field of innovation and gadgets to enhance my insight and have a continuous relationship with the scholarly community of my school. This puts me to a preferred position to serve the job of junior research aide and work on a nonstop premise as well as continue picking up, advancing and developing at the appropriate time of my vocation. My scholastic reputation has been reasonable enough to qualify as an essential for the meticulousness and consistency required in this job in an amazingly specialty, intriguing and forefront region. I accept, I will have the option to incorporate all my learning and offer my types of assistance through my encounters, associations and learning in a healthy way. Introductory Letter: To, Recruiting Head, The Human Resource Department, Name of Company. Ref: Application for the post of System Analyst Dear Sir, This is mentioning your consideration on my enthusiasm for the job of a framework examiner in your organization. I might want to state that I have been a piece of the Saudi Oger Company throughout the previous 1 year 3 years and obtained information and professional training. I have additionally prepared experts and guided youngsters in my general vicinity of specific information which is client service and individuals the board. To add to my accreditations, I bear a steady scholastic reputation all through my scholarly vocation. I have explicit enthusiasm for going into the client support offices in the limit of a foreman or a System Analyst and put to utilize the learning and experience I’ve had in the course of the last 1 year. To add to my learning and expert introduction I additionally play soccer and have confidence in a solid way of life. I might want you to think about my application and experience my profile and accreditations connected. I anticipate a positive answer and foresee the best. Respects, Thank You Letter: To, Recruiting Head, The Human Resource Department, Name of Company Ref: Application for the post of System Analyst Dear Sir, I keep in touch with you communicating my earnest thankfulness for the time you’ve taken out in organizing our conversation. I have ingested the minutes well and delighted in the conversation we had focused hands on open door as a System Analyst. The data shared by you was profoundly important and I value the exertion you put in sharing your significant bits of knowledge identified with the Technology and client assistance industry and my vocation way all in all. I thank you indeed for your important time and truly anticipate your answer. Foreseeing the best. Respects, Resume Full Name Address Phone Number Email id Career Objectives: 1. To persistently learn and apply procured abilities in doing significant and profitable work 2. To find some kind of harmony between my expert and individual life 3. To learn and develop as an inside and out individual Academic Background Institute Year of Passing Aggregate Riyadh College of Technology 2009 3.4 GPA Technical Capabilities: Software Languages, Platforms, Subjects Professional Capabilities: People Management,

Learn how to make webpages with HTML CSS on Khan Academy

Learn how to make webpages with HTML CSS on Khan Academy I often get asked how I got into programming. Well, it all started with me forgetting to buy a gift for my mum. I was in 6th grade, and it was Mothers Day. We lived a few hours walk from the shops in town, and I had to walk by a high-security penitentiary to get to those shops - given the recent surge in prison escapes, I didnt feel like taking the risk. Id been browsing the web a lot recently, checking out the fan websites for my favorite boy bands and hanging out in pet-themed chat rooms. I always liked the idea of making gifts instead of buying gifts, so I thought hey, Ill make my mum a webpage! I searched on Yahoo! for instructions (this was even before the days of Google'ing), and made a webpage for my mum with a big cheesy Happy Mothers Day GIF at the top (thanks, Microsoft Word Art!). My mum was happy that Id taken the effort to learn something new; I was happy that Id discovered how to get away with never buying gifts and I was left with a newfound curiosity for making things on the web. And thats how I got into programming. I started off in HTML and then got into Perl, Java, JavaScript, PHPâ€"anything I could get my hands that would enable me to share creations on the web. Now, nearly 2 decades later, the web is ubiquitous and there are more than 1 billion websites on the internet. Every single one of those websites is built with HTML, and probably many of them include CSS for styling and JavaScript for interactivity. Thats why Im thrilled that we can now teach HTML and CSS on Khan Academy. HTML/CSS is the first step on the path to being a web developer, plus its also a skill that non-developers can hugely benefit from - like bloggers, marketers, and librarians - because HTML shows up in so many of their jobs, too. You can try out our HTML/CSS environment here. Its interactive and real-time, just like our ProcessingJS environment, plus includes a color picker, image picker, and number scrubbers. To help you learn how to make webpages, weve put together an Intro to HTML/CSS course. Its around 8 hours of talk-throughs, coding challenges, projects, and quizzes, and will give you a great basis in the most common HTML tags and a wide range of CSS selectors and properties. For something more bite-sized, you can start with the Hour of Webpages, which is one of our Hour of Code offerings this year. Thank you to the team for all their hard work in making this possible - John Resig, Brian Bondy, and Alex Rodrigues. Lets get more people hooked on HTML!

Heres How to Make Non-Toxic Homemade Tattoo Ink

The earliest tattoo inks came from nature. You can use non-toxic natural ingredients to make your own homemade tattoo ink. One common tattoo ink recipe is simple and has been used in various forms for thousands of years. Its sometimes called wood ash ink,  carbon black tattoo ink, or a poke-and-stick tattoo. How to Make Tattoo Ink The earliest tattoo inks were prepared by mixing ashes from completely burned wood together with water. The wood ashes were nearly pure carbon, which yielded a black to brown tattoo. While carbon is the base for modern tattoo inks, its not a great idea to use water as the liquid to suspend the ink (the carrier). While a homemade tattoo ink may be prepared using sterile distilled water, poking the ink into the skin will force bacteria on the skin into the deeper layers. A non-toxic disinfectant, such as vodka, is a better choice. Vodka is a mixture of alcohol in water. Any other white alcohol, such as rubbing alcohol or tequila, will also work. Prepare the ink from: one cup carbon black ashes (completely burned wood)just enough vodka to create a slurry Prepare the ink by mixing the carbon black and vodka in a blender (15 minutes to an hour). If the mixture is too thin, add more carbon pigment. If the mixture is too thick, thin it with a little more vodka. It is best to prepare fresh homemade ink for each use, though the ink could be stored in a sealed container away from sunlight and blended again. Its a good idea to wear a mask and gloves when applying a tattoo to prevent the spread of infectious agents. The tattoo can be applied using a pin or quill that is dipped into the ink and poked into the skin. Notes About Wood and Paper Some people make this ink by burning wood in a heat-proof bowl. The advantage of using paper is that it produces fine carbon particles. The disadvantage is that some types of paper are treated with chemicals (e.g. heavy metals) that may remain in the ashes.If youre using wood, be aware youll get slightly different results depending on the species of wood you burn.If you know youll need multiple batches of ink to complete a tattoo, its a good idea to use the same source for the carbon each time and to keep track of how much ash and liquid youre using. Careful measurement will help ensure each batch has the same particle density, which translates into color intensity. Tattoo Ink Safety Notes While you can prepare your own ink and give yourself or a friend a tattoo, this is not a good idea for most people.  Some people even use Sharpies. However, professional inks are much more consistent in quality and safer to use, so they will give you better results with less chance of a reaction to the ink. Also, tattoo professionals are trained in aseptic techniques, so you will have much less chance of getting an infection or accidentally puncturing a blood vessel if you get your tattoo inked by a trained artist. Source Helmenstine, Anne. Why People Use Vodka for Science Experiments. Science Notes and Projects, August 30, 2015.

Gender And Gender Stereotypes - 1150 Words

Gender stereotypes are fallacious claims that seem to be inevitable. Labels on individuals create many barriers for their progress in their everyday lives. Aside from assaults of all kinds and being demoted on a regular basis, women are treated unfairly and are seen in a dominant position for stereotypical matters. Jobs and hard work seem to be male dominated fields only. Though they do get pushed down in certain circumstances, it is not as nearly as much as women do. Gender discrimination influences one’s mind to believe that gender is a factor in one’s value and the problem seems to be persistently extending. Women deal with all kinds of obstacles thrown their way, and even when they are put in the same position as men, they are†¦show more content†¦Throughout my career, I have also watched men being groomed for management because of the perception that they have a ‘career’ while women have only a ‘job.’ And I have observed that wome n do have to produce better work to be as visible as men and to be evaluated and rewarded equally,† (Hynes). Women can do the same job as men, but a mans work will always be seen or presented as more advanced. In order for a woman and their work to be seen or treated as equally as a man, they have to go to a further extent and put in extra effort whereas a man can just do whats expected and still be ranked as the highest. Stereotypes truly place another set of eyes to ones perception of gender roles which affects and limits the potential of those discriminated to be who they want or do what they want. Women genuinely understand and go through these barriers when they attempt to be something great but the trend of following these misapprehensions seems to never go out of style. Although a majority of gender discrimination is on females, and though it may be difficult to see in certain cases, men deal with stereotyped obstacles along their way as well. In the article, â€Å"Man Troubles: Making Sense of the Mens Movement† by Cathy Young, she states, â€Å"In a Georgia court recently, a father who stated at a hearing on support payments that the child was with him nearly half the time was told, ‘Its admirable that you want to spend timeShow MoreRelatedGender Stereotypes : Gender And Stereotypes Essay1973 Words   |  8 PagesGender stereotypes emerge across time and throughout different cultures and typically they are ascribed to individuals in order to conform to sociocultural ideas and biological norms (Johnston Diekman, 2015). This behaviour is often influenced upon individual s in the earliest stages of life when a infant is not yet capable of expressing his or her own preferences in terms of gender identity, leaving the young child s pare nts and other adults to choose for them (Pomerleau, et al., 1990).Read MoreGender, Gender And Gender Stereotypes1582 Words   |  7 PagesThere are multiple examples and instances where the object of a joke has something to do with gender and gender stereotypes. These types of jokes seem to take center stage at any comedy performance or routine, and the audience loves it. Gender in association with humor brings up a great deal of questions. Do males and females see humor differently? Are there any similarities in the way the sexes view humor? And is there any truth to the thought that humans enjoy crass humor more than other typesRead MoreGender, Stereotypes, And Stereotypes Essay1434 Words   |  6 Pagesgiven rules. We are taught that straying away from stereotypes is anything but good and encouraged to build our lives upon only these social rules. Recently, stereotypes based on genders have been put into the limelight and have become of high interest to a generation that is i nfamously known for deviating from the established way of life. Millennials have put gender roles under fire, deeming it a form of segregation and discrimination by gender. Researchers have followed suit. Mimicking millennialRead MoreGender Stereotypes1352 Words   |  6 Pagesname of Tyler. I am a walking victim of Gender Stereotyping. For as long as I can remember I have been stereotyped by my name and always have heard â€Å"Tyler is a boy name†, â€Å"I thought you were a boy when I heard your name† growing up my name was always questioned and people always would ask me the question of â€Å"why did your mom name you Tyler?† After 20 years of life, I am still faced with the question of â€Å"isn’t Tyler a boy name?† I am a walking Gender Stereotype. I have often come to even ask myselfRead MoreGender Stereotypes And Gender Roles Essay1415 Words   |  6 Pagesassigned at birth. We refer to these as gender roles. Gender roles begin to be i mposed as early as birth. The nursery in the hospital assigns either a blue name plate for a boy or a pink name plate for a girl. These roles are continuously reinforced by family. Children learn at an early age that boys and girls are different. Children observe gender roles and in many cases these roles are eventually accepted as an unquestionable truth. This creates gender stereotyping which is defined by The OfficeRead MoreStereotypes And Stereotypes Of Gender Stereotypes1588 Words   |  7 Pagestoday holds many stereotypes, and sometimes people will rebel against the stereotypes in order to embrace the individual and oppose social norms. However, some stereotypes are harder to rebel against than other. A stereotype that might be harder to break, either because the people who believe in that stereotype are too ignorant to look past it or because the people who need to rebel are not able to, is gender based stereotypes. One example of this type of stereotype is when gender roles appear inRead MoreGender Stereotyping And Gender Stereotypes1504 Words   |  7 Pagestend to be more on soft, shy and pretty side of the spectrum. These associations are known as gender stereotypes. The textbook definition of gender stereotyping follows the ideal of overgeneralizing characteristics and attributes of a person solely based on the gender of the person without viewing them as an individual (Nobullying.com). From the moment new parents find out the sex of their child, gender stereotyping beings. Typically, most little girls are dressed up in pink frilly outfits with nurseriesRead MoreGender Roles And Gender Stereotypes Essay1449 Words   |  6 PagesProspectus: Gender roles and gender stereotypes in advertising My position: I believe advertisements that reinforce female gender roles and stereotypes are damaging to society. 2. Non-favorable Incidents: The examination of the â€Å"Victoria’s Secret† ad for a line of undergarments labeled â€Å"The Showstopper.† The headline is â€Å"Show nothing but your shape,† and the image is a thin woman with big breasts staring seductively. The image clearly sets a tone that this is what is a stand of ideal beauty. AndRead MoreGender Stereotypes And Gender Roles1241 Words   |  5 PagesWe will never be able to control how gender stereotypes are formed. Gender roles were naturally created as a result of human evolution and the different modes of living that were adopted by humans. Humans, however remain the driving force behind reinforcing gender roles and stereotypes with different mediums. Such as television, art, and writing. In order to understand how gender is portrayed in contemporary American comedy this paper will analyze the characters from the television show, It’s AlwaysRead MoreGender Stereotypes And Gender Roles954 Words   |  4 Pages Gender can be a hot topic within cultures; a male or female does not want to be told that they can or cannot do something based on their gender. Every culture views gender roles differently, and some cultures are more serious about gender than others. Many times, male and female actions are determined by what a person has been taught is right; furthermore, gender roles are a set of societal norms that are the behaviors that a sex is generally known to do and what is considered accepted of a person

How significant was James Simpsons role in solving the problem of surgery during the 19th century Free Essays

During the 19th century, there were many attempts to perform surgery without there being any risk towards the patient. This usually meant that the surgeons had to overcome problems of pain, infection and blood loss which were the three main ways in which patients died during surgery. Many individuals discovered methods to make surgery safer. We will write a custom essay sample on How significant was James Simpsons role in solving the problem of surgery during the 19th century? or any similar topic only for you Order Now One of these men was a Scottish doctor, by the name of James Simpson, who discovered the anesthetic properties of chloroform and successfully introduced it for general medical use. Of course, there were other individuals who had used different varieties of anaesthetics before James Simpson. In 1799 Sir Humphrey Davy discovered laughing gas which reduced pain felt by patients. It was mostly used by dentists during teeth extractions, which caused excruciating pain. In 1846, J. R Lister used ‘ether’ as an anaesthetic so the patient would be unconscious during operation. However this was soon dismissed as it irritated the lungs and caused the patient to cough during the operation as well as the fact that ether is highly flammable. The fact that others had already tried to come up with suitable anaesthetics that could be used in surgery shows that James Simpson’s discovery had been built up with knowledge of previous attempts. It also proves that he wasn’t solely responsible for discovering ‘anaesthetics’. James Simpson was appointed the Professor of Midwifery at Edinburgh University due to his interest in obstetrics. In 1847, Simpson discovered the properties of chloroform during an experiment with friends in which he learnt that it could be used to put one to sleep. It was very much up to chance that Simpson survived the chloroform dosage he administered to himself. If he had inhaled too much, subsequently passing away from an overdose, chloroform would have been seen as a dangerous substance. However, if Simpson had inhaled slightly less it would not have put him to sleep. It was his willingness to explore the possibilities of the substance that established his career as a pioneer in the field of medicine. He began to use chloroform as an efficient and effective anaesthetic used to relieve labour pains during childbirth. This theory of relieving patients from pain spread across to many other surgeons who began using this method of anaesthesia. James Simpson was able to find an actual anaesthetic that was suitable in surgery, and he took the risk of trying the chloroform himself proving that he was dedicated to improving and solving the problems of surgery. Yet, there was a lot of opposition to chloroform due to it being a new and untested gas. Surgeons did not know how much dosage to give their patients or whether there would be long-term side effects. There was also the fact that the use of chloroform caused an increase in deaths, since the patients were given a bigger dosage of chloroform that was necessary. This scared the many surgeons into not using it. There were also other who opposed chloroform because they believed that easing the pain of childbirth, it would make it unnatural and was an act against God. In addition to this, whilst the patient is unconscious surgeons became more confident and attempt more complex operations allowing infections deeper into the body and causing more blood loss. This also contributed to the rise in number of deaths since the introduction of chloroform. Yet, James Simpson soon got many people to realise that his theory was accurate and it was soon accepted. When Queen Victoria used chloroform when delivering her eighth child in 1857, the public along with many other surgeons began using it as an anaesthetic and this soon became a part of surgical practise. However although James Simpson had already tried the anaesthetic on himself, it almost immediately became clear that there were very serious side effects associated with its use and it was known to cause death in a number of instances. From 1864, numerous studies were conducted in an attempt to determine whether chloroform affected the respiratory system or the circulatory system. The major health effects of chloroform surround acute inhalation which leads to depression which is why it was used for a long time as an anaesthetic. Chronic exposure to chloroform was associated with affects on the liver, kidney, and central nervous system. The evidence that chloroform was dangerous and fatal in numerous ways added to the opposition and causes us to believe whether James Simpson really was responsible for an important breakthrough in surgery. In addition to this there were many other breakthroughs by many other people who would be considered to be more important since their discoveries caused essential progress in solving the problems of surgery. Louis Pasteur was extremely vital as he was responsible for the development of the Germ theory, along with Robert Koch. The French scientist was also accountable for the many vaccines such as Chicken cholera, Rabies and Anthrax. Of course, this was accentuated by the rivalry between Pasteur and Koch since, they were both ambitious and nationalistic and France had lost a bitter war to Germany in 1870-71. Joseph Lister was then able to use the germ theory to uncover another significant discovery: antiseptics. This included sterilisation of all equipment, including doctor’s hands, throughout the surgery. His reasoning behind this was to reduce the number of patients dying from infection passed on from bacteria on clothing and apparatus. This was vital because many people were dying from infection at the time and there were no advances to decrease the numbers until Lister’s antiseptics. Another individual who was able to put the germ theory to good use was John Snow, who was responsible for discovering the cause of cholera, a big killer during the 1800s. He discovered that cholera was spread by drinking water that contained bacteria. Snow was one of the first physicians to study and calculate dosages for the use of ether and chloroform as surgical anaesthetics, allowing patients to undergo surgical and other procedures without the distress and pain they would otherwise experience. He personally administered chloroform to Queen Victoria when she gave birth to the last two of her nine children, leading to wider public acceptance of obstetric anaesthesia. The fact that there were many other individuals who were able to discover other vital things prevents James Simpson from solely being responsible for solving the problems of surgery. John Snow also proves that James Simpson was not the first to come up with the idea of ‘anaesthetics’, and therefore cannot really be responsible for the discovery although he played a major role in coming across chloroform. In conclusion, I believe that James Simpson’s role was not very significant in the attempts to solve the problems of surgery. This is because he was able to use other people’s ideas, such as John Snow, to actually discover the anaesthetic. In addition to this, there were many other individuals and factors such as War and Technology that would have impacted surgery on a bigger scale than that of James Simpson’s discovery of chloroform as an anaesthetic. Although we can see his dedication in proving that chloroform was a suitable anaesthetic we can also see that there was a lot of scope for other individuals to find an anaesthetic that may have proved to be less fatal. How to cite How significant was James Simpsons role in solving the problem of surgery during the 19th century?, Papers

The Hagfish Essays - Fish, Myxinidae, Scavengers, Ichthyology

The Hagfish The most disgusting creature on Earth.? The Hagfish is known to those who know of it as the most disgusting creature on Earth, a reputation well earned. The Hagfish or known also as the slime eel to fisherman who are unlucky enough to get one in their fish, live between depths of 60m and 1300m. The live in soft bottoms, in boroughs, with only their head sticking out. the Hagfish depending on type (their are 2 types: Eptatretidae and Myxindae) range anywhere from 12-40 inches. hagfish off the Californian coast are common, being centrally populated around the Monterey bay area the Eptatidae live in all oceans, and the Myxondae live in all oceans as well, excluding the North Atlantic. In the Phylum Chordata, class Agnatha, order Myxinoidea. Physical Description: They sort of look like an eel, they have a tail fin, but no paired fins, and no jaws or bones. Like sharks they are Cartalageous. They have slit like mouths, with a tongue that has horny teeth on it. They have degenerate eyes buried under their skin, and a single nostril on the end of their snout. On the snout they have five barbels, that act like feelers, sensing motion. They are scaleless and soft skinned as well, and are related to the Lamprey. The reason Hagfish are so disgusting is because of their dietary habits. A hagfish favors dead or dying invertebrates, and marine animals as prey. They then latch on to the animal, and using their tongue with horny teeth, burrow a hole to the insides of the prey. From their eating the animal, which may still be alive, from the inside out. Hagfish have been known to latch on to fish caught in nets, or on the end of a fisherman's hook. Although their are no known reports of Hagfish eating a live human, it is possible, however unlikely; being that the person would probably notice the fish latching into their skin, and beginning to eat them alive, and pull it off. Hagfish however, and this is my speculation, would eat a dead corpse from a shipwreck and such. When these fish are handled by humans, they excrete unbelievable amounts of slime. Giving way to the name slime eel. As for the Hagfishes future who knows? it seems as long as things die, the Hagfish will flourish. And will continue to earn its place as one of the most disgusting creatures on this Earth. So next time you go scuba diving, remember: Beware the Hagfish.